메일/업무 협업 솔루션 Zimbra
https://www.oss.kr/info_install/show/47fda87b-e442-4b5a-b829-7e6a1f7ff277
1. 소개
Zimbra는 이메일, 일정, 연락처, 파일 저장소, Desktop 싱크 기능을 제공하는 협업 프로그램입니다. 또한 스마트폰에서 접속할 수 있도록 모바일 웹 인터페이스 또한 제공합니다.
Zimbra는 내부적으로 Postfix, OpenLDAP, MySQL, Lucene, ClameAV, SpamAssassin 등과 같은 표준적으로 쓰이는 여러 오픈소스를 통합하여 구성되어 있습니다.
설치 이후의 용량이 약 3GB에 달할정도로 조금 덩치가 큰 편이기는 하지만, 기존에 Sendmail이나 Postfix, Qmail 설치 후 POP, IMAP 연동, 웹메일 프로그램 설치순으로 이루어지는 복잡한 과정이 없이 간단히 설치가 진행됩니다.
홈페이지 : http://www.zimbra.com/
2. 설치
이 글에서 테스트한 환경은 다음과 같습니다.
OS : CentOS 5.6 i386
Disk : / - 8GB
/opt - 8GB
호스트이름 : mail.crystaljjun.kr
Zimbra 버전 : 7.1.0 GA Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 i386
각 배포판별 설치파일 및 소스는 http://www.zimbra.com/downloads/os-downloads.html 에서 다운로드가 가능합니다. 본글에서는 테스트 환경여건상 i386버전을 이용하였지만, 되도록 64bit 환경을 설치하도록 합니다.향후 i386버전은 지원이 중단될 수 있습니다.
설치를 위해서는 /opt 영역에 최소 5GB 이상의 여유 공간이 필요합니다. 디스크 용량이 부족하면 설치가 진행되지 않습니다. 사용자 메일함 용량까지 감안하여 넉넉하게 설정합니다.
[root@mail ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
6.7G 2.1G 4.3G 33% /
/dev/sda1 99M 13M 82M 13% /boot
tmpfs 252M 0 252M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1 7.9G 147M 7.4G 2% /opt
sendmail 패키지 실행 중단
service sendmail stop
chkconfig sendmail off
[root@mail ~]# chkconfig --list | grep -i sendmail
sendmail 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@mail ~]# chkconfig sendmail off
[root@mail ~]# chkconfig --list | grep -i sendmail
sendmail 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
[root@mail ~]# ps aux | grep -i sendmail
root 2032 0.0 0.3 9348 1680 ? Ss 17:14 0:00 sendmail: accepting connections
smmsp 2042 0.0 0.2 8264 1496 ? Ss 17:14 0:00 sendmail: Queue runner@01:00:00 for /var/spool/clientmqueue
root 2311 0.0 0.1 4016 676 pts/0 R+ 17:23 0:00 grep -i sendmail
[root@mail ~]# service sendmail stop
Shutting down sm-client: [ OK ]
Shutting down sendmail: [ OK ]
[root@mail ~]# ps aux | grep -i sendmail
root 2341 0.0 0.1 4016 672 pts/0 R+ 17:24 0:00 grep -i sendmail
또한 Zimbra를 설치할 서버에 웹서버(Port 80번)가 구동중이라면 다른 포트로 변경합니다.
참고로 Zimbra에서 사용하는 포트는 아래와 같습니다. 이미 사용중인 포트가 있다면 변경하거나 중단해야합니다.
- Remote Queue Manager : 22
- Postfix : 25
- HTTP : 80
- POP3 : 110
- IMAP : 143
- LDAP : 389
- HTTPS : 443
- Mailboxd IMAP SSL : 993
- Mailboxd POP SSL : 995
- Mailboxd LMTP : 7025
메일서버 호스트 이름 설정
설치할 리눅스 서버의 호스트 이름이 다음과 같이 설정되어 있는지 확인한다. 당연히 DNS서버의 MX레코드에 등록이 되어있어야 합니다. 본 글에서는 DNS관련한 내용은 설명하지는 않습니다.
[root@mail ]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=mail.crystalljjun.kr
/etc/hosts 파일 설정
아래와 같이 hosts 파일이 설정되어 있어야 합니다.
[root@mail ]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.0.13 mail.crystaljjun.kr mail
Zimbra 설치에 필요한 패키지를 설치합니다.
yum install gmp sysstat
위 패키지가 설치되어 있지 않으면 다음과 같이 사전 점검시 에러를 발생합니다. 나머지 패키지들은 최소 설치를 하여도 기본으로 설치되어 있습니다.
Checking for prerequisites...
FOUND: NPTL
FOUND: sudo-1.7.2p1-10
FOUND: libidn-0.6.5-1.1
MISSING: gmp
FOUND: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6
Checking for suggested prerequisites...
FOUND: perl-5.8.8
MISSING: sysstat does not appear to be installed.
FOUND: sqlite
Zimbra 설치
Zimbra의 설치는 압축을 해제한 후, 설치 스크립트를 실행하고 몇가지 질의에 선택하면 완료되도록 쉽게 되어 있습니다.
tar xvfz zcs-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5.20110329150824.tgz
cd zcs-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5.20110329150824
sh install.sh --platform-override
참고 : ZImbra가 CentOS를 공식지원하지는 않습니다. 따라서 설치 스크립트에 RHEL 체크를 하지 않도록 옵션을 주어 진행하면 됩니다. 따라서 공식 지원하는 Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, Debian 5 등은 이 옵션이 필요하지 않습니다.
참조 : http://www.zimbra.com/downloads/os-downloads.html
[root@mail zcs-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5.20110329150824]# sh install.sh --platform-override
Operations logged to /tmp/install.log.6810
Checking for existing installation...
zimbra-ldap...NOT FOUND
zimbra-logger...NOT FOUND
zimbra-mta...NOT FOUND
zimbra-snmp...NOT FOUND
zimbra-store...NOT FOUND
zimbra-apache...NOT FOUND
zimbra-spell...NOT FOUND
zimbra-convertd...NOT FOUND
zimbra-memcached...NOT FOUND
zimbra-proxy...NOT FOUND
zimbra-archiving...NOT FOUND
zimbra-cluster...NOT FOUND
zimbra-core...NOT FOUND
PLEASE READ THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THE SOFTWARE.
ZIMBRA, INC. ("ZIMBRA") WILL ONLY LICENSE THIS SOFTWARE TO YOU IF YOU
FIRST ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT. BY DOWNLOADING OR INSTALLING
THE SOFTWARE, OR USING THE PRODUCT, YOU ARE CONSENTING TO BE BOUND BY
THIS AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS
AGREEMENT, THEN DO NOT DOWNLOAD, INSTALL OR USE THE PRODUCT.
License Terms for the Zimbra Collaboration Suite:
http://www.zimbra.com/license/zimbra_public_eula_2.1.html
필요한 패키지 점검, 여기에서 Not found가 뜨는 것은 설치해주어야 합니다.
Do you agree with the terms of the software license agreement? [N] y
Checking for prerequisites...
FOUND: NPTL
FOUND: sudo-1.7.2p1-10
FOUND: libidn-0.6.5-1.1
FOUND: gmp-4.1.4-10
FOUND: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6
Checking for suggested prerequisites...
FOUND: perl-5.8.8
FOUND: sysstat
FOUND: sqlite
Prerequisite check complete.
Checking for installable packages
Found zimbra-core
Found zimbra-ldap
Found zimbra-logger
Found zimbra-mta
Found zimbra-snmp
Found zimbra-store
Found zimbra-apache
Found zimbra-spell
Found zimbra-memcached
Found zimbra-proxy
Select the packages to install
Install zimbra-ldap [Y] y
Install zimbra-logger [Y] y
Install zimbra-mta [Y] y
Install zimbra-snmp [Y] y
Install zimbra-store [Y] y
Install zimbra-apache [Y] y
Install zimbra-spell [Y] y
일반적인 환경에서는 필요없는 패키지는 설치하지 않습니다.
Install zimbra-memcached [N] n
Install zimbra-proxy [N] n
Checking required space for zimbra-core
checking space for zimbra-store
Installing:
zimbra-core
zimbra-ldap
zimbra-logger
zimbra-mta
zimbra-snmp
zimbra-store
zimbra-apache
zimbra-spell
You appear to be installing packages on a platform different
than the platform for which they were built.
This platform is CentOS5
Packages found: RHEL5
This may or may not work.
Using packages for a platform in which they were not designed for
may result in an installation that is NOT usable. Your support
options may be limited if you choose to continue.
Install anyway? [N] y
The system will be modified. Continue? [N] y
Removing /opt/zimbra
Removing zimbra crontab entry...done.
done.
Cleaning up zimbra init scripts...done.
Cleaning up /etc/ld.so.conf...done.
Cleaning up /etc/prelink.conf...done.
Cleaning up /etc/security/limits.conf...done.
Finished removing Zimbra Collaboration Suite.
Installing packages
zimbra-core......zimbra-core-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5-20110329150824.i386.rpm...done
zimbra-ldap......zimbra-ldap-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5-20110329150824.i386.rpm...done
zimbra-logger......zimbra-logger-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5-20110329150824.i386.rpm...done
zimbra-mta......zimbra-mta-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5-20110329150824.i386.rpm...done
zimbra-snmp......zimbra-snmp-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5-20110329150824.i386.rpm...done
zimbra-store......zimbra-store-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5-20110329150824.i386.rpm...done
zimbra-apache......zimbra-apache-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5-20110329150824.i386.rpm...done
zimbra-spell......zimbra-spell-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5-20110329150824.i386.rpm...done
Operations logged to /tmp/zmsetup.05082011-173215.log
Installing LDAP configuration database...done.
Setting defaults...No results returned for A lookup of mail.crystaljjun.kr
Checked nameservers:
168.126.63.1
168.126.63.2
DNS ERROR resolving mail.crystaljjun.kr
It is suggested that the hostname be resolveable via DNS
Change hostname [Yes] no
DNS ERROR - No A record for mail.crystaljjun.kr.
Interface: 192.168.0.13
Interface: 127.0.0.1
도메인 네임을 변경해 줍니다.
DNS ERROR - none of the MX records for mail.crystaljjun.kr
resolve to this host
Change domain name? [Yes] yes
Create domain: [mail.crystaljjun.kr] crystaljjun.kr
DNS ERROR resolving MX for crystaljjun.kr
It is suggested that the domain name have an MX record configured in DNS
Re-Enter domain name? [Yes] no
done.
Checking for port conflicts
Main menu
1) Common Configuration:
2) zimbra-ldap: Enabled
3) zimbra-store: Enabled
+Create Admin User: yes
+Admin user to create: admin@crystaljjun.kr
******* +Admin Password UNSET
+Anti-virus quarantine user: virus-quarantine.a74ocjkrq@crystaljjun.kr
+Enable automated spam training: yes
+Spam training user: spam.rfd6vwnmqs@crystaljjun.kr
+Non-spam(Ham) training user: ham.8kk7a2ao0@crystaljjun.kr
+SMTP host: mail.crystaljjun.kr
+Web server HTTP port: 80
+Web server HTTPS port: 443
+Web server mode: http
+IMAP server port: 143
+IMAP server SSL port: 993
+POP server port: 110
+POP server SSL port: 995
+Use spell check server: yes
+Spell server URL: http://mail.crystaljjun.kr:7780/aspell.php
+Configure for use with mail proxy: FALSE
+Configure for use with web proxy: FALSE
+Enable version update checks: TRUE
+Enable version update notifications: TRUE
+Version update notification email: admin@crystaljjun.kr
+Version update source email: admin@crystaljjun.kr
4) zimbra-mta: Enabled
5) zimbra-snmp: Enabled
6) zimbra-logger: Enabled
7) zimbra-spell: Enabled
8) Default Class of Service Configuration:
r) Start servers after configuration yes
s) Save config to file
x) Expand menu
q) Quit
관리자(admin) 비밀번호를 설정합니다.
Address unconfigured (**) items (? - help) 3
Store configuration
1) Status: Enabled
2) Create Admin User: yes
3) Admin user to create: admin@crystaljjun.kr
** 4) Admin Password UNSET
5) Anti-virus quarantine user: virus-quarantine.a74ocjkrq@crystaljjun.kr
6) Enable automated spam training: yes
7) Spam training user: spam.rfd6vwnmqs@crystaljjun.kr
8) Non-spam(Ham) training user: ham.8kk7a2ao0@crystaljjun.kr
9) SMTP host: mail.crystaljjun.kr
10) Web server HTTP port: 80
11) Web server HTTPS port: 443
12) Web server mode: http
13) IMAP server port: 143
14) IMAP server SSL port: 993
15) POP server port: 110
16) POP server SSL port: 995
17) Use spell check server: yes
18) Spell server URL: http://mail.crystaljjun.kr:7780/aspell.php
19) Configure for use with mail proxy: FALSE
20) Configure for use with web proxy: FALSE
21) Enable version update checks: TRUE
22) Enable version update notifications: TRUE
23) Version update notification email: admin@crystaljjun.kr
24) Version update source email: admin@crystaljjun.kr
Select, or 'r' for previous menu [r] 4
Password for admin@crystaljjun.kr (min 6 characters): [TrHQM0hi] 관리자 암호를 지정합니다.
Store configuration
1) Status: Enabled
2) Create Admin User: yes
3) Admin user to create: admin@crystaljjun.kr
4) Admin Password set
5) Anti-virus quarantine user: virus-quarantine.a74ocjkrq@crystaljjun.kr
6) Enable automated spam training: yes
7) Spam training user: spam.rfd6vwnmqs@crystaljjun.kr
8) Non-spam(Ham) training user: ham.8kk7a2ao0@crystaljjun.kr
9) SMTP host: mail.crystaljjun.kr
10) Web server HTTP port: 80
11) Web server HTTPS port: 443
12) Web server mode: http
13) IMAP server port: 143
14) IMAP server SSL port: 993
15) POP server port: 110
16) POP server SSL port: 995
17) Use spell check server: yes
18) Spell server URL: http://mail.crystaljjun.kr:7780/aspell.php
19) Configure for use with mail proxy: FALSE
20) Configure for use with web proxy: FALSE
21) Enable version update checks: TRUE
22) Enable version update notifications: TRUE
23) Version update notification email: admin@crystaljjun.kr
24) Version update source email: admin@crystaljjun.kr
이전의 메인 메뉴로 돌아갑니다.
Select, or 'r' for previous menu [r] r
Main menu
1) Common Configuration:
2) zimbra-ldap: Enabled
3) zimbra-store: Enabled
4) zimbra-mta: Enabled
5) zimbra-snmp: Enabled
6) zimbra-logger: Enabled
7) zimbra-spell: Enabled
8) Default Class of Service Configuration:
r) Start servers after configuration yes
s) Save config to file
x) Expand menu
q) Quit
변경한 설정을 저장하고, 설치를 계속 진행합니다.
*** CONFIGURATION COMPLETE - press 'a' to apply
Select from menu, or press 'a' to apply config (? - help) a
Save configuration data to a file? [Yes] yes
Save config in file: [/opt/zimbra/config.8885]
Saving config in /opt/zimbra/config.8885...done.
The system will be modified - continue? [No] yes
Operations logged to /tmp/zmsetup.05082011-173215.log
Setting local config values...done.
Setting up CA...done.
Deploying CA to /opt/zimbra/conf/ca ...done.
Creating SSL certificate...done.
Installing mailboxd SSL certificates...done.
Initializing ldap...done.
Setting replication password...done.
Setting Postfix password...done.
Setting amavis password...done.
Setting nginx password...done.
Creating server entry for mail.crystaljjun.kr...done.
Saving CA in ldap ...done.
Saving SSL Certificate in ldap ...done.
Setting spell check URL...done.
Setting service ports on mail.crystaljjun.kr...done.
Adding mail.crystaljjun.kr to zimbraMailHostPool in default COS...done.
Installing webclient skins...
lake...done.
sky...done.
pebble...done.
waves...done.
smoke...done.
bones...done.
carbon...done.
lavender...done.
beach...done.
oasis...done.
lemongrass...done.
sand...done.
steel...done.
twilight...done.
bare...done.
tree...done.
hotrod...done.
Finished installing webclient skins.
Setting zimbraFeatureTasksEnabled=TRUE...done.
Setting zimbraFeatureBriefcasesEnabled=TRUE...done.
Setting MTA auth host...done.
Setting TimeZone Preference...done.
Initializing mta config...done.
Setting services on mail.crystaljjun.kr...done.
Creating domain crystaljjun.kr...done.
Setting default domain name...done.
Creating domain crystaljjun.kr...already exists.
Creating admin account admin@crystaljjun.kr...done.
Creating root alias...done.
Creating postmaster alias...done.
Creating user spam.rfd6vwnmqs@crystaljjun.kr...done.
Creating user ham.8kk7a2ao0@crystaljjun.kr...done.
Creating user virus-quarantine.a74ocjkrq@crystaljjun.kr...done.
Setting spam training and Anti-virus quarantine accounts...done.
Initializing store sql database...done.
Setting zimbraSmtpHostname for mail.crystaljjun.kr...done.
Configuring SNMP...done.
Checking for default IM conference room...not present.
Initializing default IM conference room...done.
Setting up syslog.conf...done.
You have the option of notifying Zimbra of your installation.
This helps us to track the uptake of the Zimbra Collaboration Suite.
The only information that will be transmitted is:
The VERSION of zcs installed (7.1.0_GA_3140_CentOS5)
The ADMIN EMAIL ADDRESS created (admin@crystaljjun.kr)
설치 관련한 정보를 전송하지 않도록 합니다.
Notify Zimbra of your installation? [Yes] no
Notification skipped
Starting servers...done.
Installing common zimlets...
com_zimbra_url...done.
com_zimbra_date...done.
com_zimbra_linkedin...done.
com_zimbra_phone...done.
com_zimbra_social...done.
com_zimbra_attachcontacts...done.
com_zimbra_webex...done.
com_zimbra_adminversioncheck...done.
com_zimbra_bulkprovision...done.
com_zimbra_attachmail...done.
com_zimbra_dnd...done.
com_zimbra_srchhighlighter...done.
com_zimbra_email...done.
com_zimbra_cert_manager...done.
Finished installing common zimlets.
Restarting mailboxd...done.
Setting up zimbra crontab...done.
Moving /tmp/zmsetup.05082011-173215.log to /opt/zimbra/log
Configuration complete - press return to exit
Zimbra는 zimbra 계정으로 설치 및 실행됩니다.
zimbra 계정으로 전환한 후 zmcontrol status를 명령을 하여 구동중인지 확인해봅니다.[root@mail zcs-7.1.0_GA_3140.RHEL5.20110329150824]# su - zimbra
[zimbra@mail ~]$ zmcontrol status
Host mail.crystaljjun.kr
antispam Running
antivirus Running
ldap Running
logger Running
mailbox Running
mta Running
snmp Running
spell Running
stats Running
zmconfigd Running
설치가 완료된 후의 Disk 사용량은 약 3GB입니다.
[root@mail ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol006.7G 2.3G 4.1G 36% //dev/sda1 99M 13M 82M 13% /boottmpfs 252M 0 252M 0% /dev/shm/dev/sdb1 7.9G 2.8G 4.8G 37% /opt제대로 종료 및 시작 되는지 테스트해도록 합니다.[root@mail ~]# su - zimbra[zimbra@mail ~]$[zimbra@mail ~]$[zimbra@mail ~]$ zmcontrol stopHost mail.crystaljjun.krStopping stats...Done.Stopping mta...Done.Stopping spell...Done.Stopping snmp...Done.Stopping cbpolicyd...Done.Stopping archiving...Done.Stopping antivirus...Done.Stopping antispam...Done.Stopping imapproxy...Done.Stopping memcached...Done.Stopping mailbox...Done.Stopping logger...Done.Stopping zmconfigd...Done.Stopping ldap...Done.[zimbra@mail ~]$[zimbra@mail ~]$ zmcontrol statusUnable to determine enabled services from ldap.Enabled services read from cache. Service list may be inaccurate.Host mail.crystaljjun.krantispam Stoppedzmamavisdctl is not runningantivirus Stoppedzmamavisdctl is not runningzmclamdctl is not runningldap Stoppedlogger Stoppedzmlogswatchctl is not runningmailbox Stoppedmysql.server is not running.zmmailboxdctl is not running.mta Stoppedpostfix is not runningzmsaslauthdctl is not runningsnmp Stoppedzmswatch is not running.spell Stoppedzmapachectl is not runningstats Stoppedzmconfigd Stoppedzmconfigd is not running.[zimbra@mail ~]$[zimbra@mail ~]$[zimbra@mail ~]$ zmcontrol startHost mail.crystaljjun.krStarting ldap...Done.Starting zmconfigd...Done.Starting logger...Done.Starting mailbox...Done.Starting antispam...Done.Starting antivirus...Done.Starting snmp...Done.Starting spell...Done.Starting mta...Done.Starting stats...Done.[zimbra@mail ~]$[zimbra@mail ~]$ zmcontrol statusHost mail.crystaljjun.krantispam Runningantivirus Runningldap Runninglogger Runningmailbox Runningmta Runningsnmp Runningspell Runningstats Runningzmconfigd Running[zimbra@mail ~]$
http://IP주소 또는 서버의 도메인 주소(mail.crystaljjun.kr) 로 접속하면 됩니다.
4. Zimbra Desktop
Zimbra Desktop은 MS의 Outlook과 비교할 수 있습니다. 아웃룩의 UI에 익숙한 분들은 불편함을 느낄 수 있지만, Zimbra와 함께 사용하면 동일한 UI 제공과 완벽한 동기화 및 아웃룩에서 POP클라이언트로 사용할 때보다 훨씬 빠른 속도를 제공합니다.(특히 메일 용량이 GB단위일때 더욱 비교됩니다.)
MAC, Linux, Windows 주요 3대 데스크탑 OS를 제공한다. 다운로드는 http://www.zimbra.com/products/desktop.html 에서 받을 수 있습니다.
반드시 Zimbra와의 동기를 위한 프로그램을 사용하지 않더라도, 기본 메일 클라이언트로도 충분히 활용할 수 있으므로, 다운로드 받아 사용해보길 권해봅니다. 아웃룩, 썬버버드와의 제공 기능 비교는 http://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Desktop_Feature_Comparison 에서 확인할 수 있습니다.
5. 마치며
자체 메일 서버 도입을 검토하고 있는 사업장 또는 개인이 있다며, Zimbra는 아주 훌륭한 솔류션이라고 생각합니다.
일단 쉽게 설치할 수 있다는 큰 장점이 있고, 메일, 일정, 파일함 기능 또한 안정적입니다. 일정기능은 아이폰/아이패드에서도 동기화시켜 사용할 수 있습니다.
도입하면서 막히는 부분은 http://wiki.zimbra.com/ 및 http://www.zimbra.com/forums/ 을 참조하면 됩니다.
또한 필자의 블로그에서도 몇가지 유용한 자료를 찾아볼 수 있습니다. http://blog.naver.com/PostList.nhn?blogId=junix&categoryNo=8
이제 Zimbra를 통한 협업 시스템 구축에 도전해 보시길 바랍니다
작성일 : 2011. 5. 8
글쓴이 : 이종준, jjun@finf.net
원문자료 : http://blog.naver.com/junix/80129827372
참고자료 : http://blog.naver.com/PostList.nhn?blogId=junix&categoryNo=8